Re: aeroplanët luftarakë
Current Title: Forcat Ushtarake Ajore Shqipetare
Title in English: Albanian Air Force
Abbreviation: FUAS
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History
Narrative Summary:
Due to the Balkan Wars, no Albanians served in the Ottoman air arm prior to independence. Military aviation in Albania therefore had to start from scratch. An initial order for three Lohner-Daimler aircraft was placed with Austria early in 1914, with a view to forming an Albanian Air Corps, but the aircraft were taken over by Austria before delivery upon the outbreak of World War I. National financial difficulties foiled inter-war attempts to form an air force.
During it's occupation of Albania during World War Two, Italy built at least one airfield to assist with combat operations over Greece and Yugoslavia.
On 24 April 1951, an Albanian Air Force was finally formed with Soviet help. This force was formally titled Forcat Ushtarake Ajore Shqipetare, (known in the west as the Albanian People's Army Air Force - APAAF). The initial equipment was a squadron of Yak-9 fighters donated by the Soviet Union. Prior to it's formation, a number of cadet pilots had undergone initial pilot training on Yak-18s in the USSR and then transferred to Yugoslavia for conversion and advanced flying training on Yak-3 fighters, before returning to Albania. These pilot formed the nucleus of the FUAS. The first pilot fly in an Albanian Air Force plane was Lt. Petraq Polena, born in Korca, Albania, who first took to the air on 24 April 1951.
In 1955, the Soviet Union supplied two squadrons of MiG-15bis jet fighters, together with MiG-15UTI trainers. Some of these aircraft remain in service with the Albanian Air Force in 2002.
The break-down in relations with the USSR in the early 1960s forced rapid switch to Chinese supplied equipment. With the fall of the communist regime in 1990?, a reorganisation of Air Force was initiated. It was renamed to its present title, and all the units were renumbered and reduced in strength. The air force took no part in the Kosovo War. During the civil unrest in 1997, some aviation facilities at Vlorë air base were destroyed, along with several Nanchang CJ-6 trainers. In 2000 an Italian training mission, the Grupo Autonomo AM was formed at Vlorë and Pushporo, to train Albanian aircrew.
Key Dates:
early 1914 Order placed with Austria for 3 aircraft to equip planned Albanian Air Corps. Not delivered.
1939 First airfield in Albania, built by the Italians near Tirane
24 April 1951 Albanian Air Force established
31 January 1955 First jet aircraft (MiG-15bis) delivered
1956 First Chinese aircraft (F-2) delivered
1957 First helicopters received
11 May 1962 Air Academy at Vlora established
1990 Official title changed to 'Aviacioni Ushtarak Shqipetare'
1991 First Western-built type (Bell 222) received
199? Official title changed back to 'Forcat Ushtarake Ajore Shqipetare'
29 March 1999 Albanian air bases are made available to NATO during the Kosovo crisis
2000 Italian Military Mission formed
Current Status:
The air force is currently equipped with a variety of elderly aircraft, and defence expenditure remains a low priority. However, the force has achieved a very high level of self-sufficiency, and aircraft availability is surprisingly high. About one-fifth of the personnel are conscripts, on a 3 year term.
Future Plans:
Reduce the current number of manpower of the Air Force to 1600. This will affect the current number of aircraft. The F-6s (MiG- 19), together with the MiG-17 and MiG-15 will be withdrawn from service, leaving the F-7A and MiG-21s in service for air defence. These 22 aircraft will be upgraded probably by IAI (Israeli Aircraft Industries). This process is due to finish in 2010 when all the Albanian Armed Forces will have a totally new image. The eventual aim is for Albania to join NATO.
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Markings
National Insignia:
Current --- Historical
Aircraft Serial Numbering System(s):
Until the 1970s, aircraft wore Soviet/Chinese style identity numbers of between two and four digits, eg: 234. Subsequently, a new numbering system was introduced which included an indication of the parent unit of the aircraft. For example, 4-22, where the 4 indicates 4030 Regiment, and the -22 may be the 22nd example of the type delivered. The regiment codes are:
1 = 4050 Regt (not worn)
3 = 4020 Regt
4 = 4030 Regt
5 = 4004 Regt
6 = 4040 Regt
8 = 4010 Regt
The F-7As don't use this system, but wear 4 digit codes, possibly based on the last 4 of the construciton number. Aircraft operated on behalf of the Government carry civil registrations.
Unit/Base Aircraft Code System(s):
See aircraft serial numbering system above
Chengdu F-7 0204 being towed out.
(photo, Andy Cela)
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Aircraft
Aircraft Designation System(s):
None - Manufacturers designations used.
Current Aircraft Inventory:
Table of Current Service Aircraft
All-Time Aircraft Used List:
Alphabetical Order --- Chronological Order
Aircraft NOT Used:
False reports of aircraft on order or in service
Aircraft Losses and Incidents:
Aircraft Accidents
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Organisation
Main Headquarters:
Tiranë.
Current Organisational Structure:
The Air Force is administered by the army, with an Aviation Command reporting directly to the Ministry of Defence in Tiranë. Below the Aviation Command, the air force is run along Soviet/Chinese lines, with flying units being organised into Aviation Regiments with two or three Squadrons (Skuadrilja) each, comprising up to 12 aircraft each. In the early 1990s all the regiments were renumbered and reduced to two squadrons each, with the exception of 4010 Regiment.
Current Order of Battle:
Table of Current Order of Battle
Historical Orders of Battle:
Table of Orders of Battle
All-Time Flying Units List:
4004 Regt 1875 Regt
4010 Regt 3780 Regt
4020 Regt 5646 Regt
4030 Regt 5818 Regt
4040 Regt 7594 Regt
4050 Regt 9011 Regt
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Air Bases
Current Air Bases:
The Albanian Air Force operates from six main bases, of which three house front-line units. See listing below for details.
All-Time Air Bases Used List:
Apart from the main six air bases, there are also a number of smaller airports and airfields around the country which are sometimes used by the Air Force.
Military Air Bases Listing
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More Information
Books:
Albania Aviation Bibliography - to be added
Magazines:
Air International December 1992
World Air Power Journal No.5 p.140
World Air Power Journal No.40 Spring 2000 p.16 Air Forces Research No.12 March 1996
Scramble 204 (May 1996)
Insignia Issue 15 Winter 2000
Websites:
Official Albanian Ministry of Defence Website
Albanian Air Force - Albanian Pilot Online
Thanks to Andy Cela for updating this information